มะเขือเปราะ (Ma-khua Pro)

Psyllium, derived from the Plantago genus, is primarily known for its efficacy in relieving constipation and promoting gut health. It is available mainly in powdered husk form and may offer benefits for various health conditions, including high cholesterol and type 2 diabetes. Recommended dosages typically range from 10.2 to 40 grams per day depending on the health goal, with suggestions to take it with ample water to mitigate potential gastrointestinal side effects. Clinical evidence indicates that psyllium can improve fecal weight and help manage metabolic health markers like blood glucose and cholesterol levels. While generally safe, caution is advised for individuals with certain medical conditions or allergies. Psyllium is not prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).

Astaxanthin is a carotenoid that gives color to salmon, krill, and some algae, and is known for potential benefits related to oxidative stress and various health conditions including immunity, metabolic health, and cardiovascular health. Its effects may support age-related, reproductive, cardiometabolic, and immune health. While it can be beneficial for conditions such as metabolic syndrome and high cholesterol, research findings are mixed, with some outcomes showing no significant effect. Dosages in studies range from 0.16 to 24 mg per day, commonly between 6 to 20 mg, and are generally recognized as safe by regulatory bodies up to 12 mg daily. Astaxanthin can enhance nutrient absorption when taken with fats and may be found in various supplement forms. The Examine database details a range of health outcomes linked to astaxanthin, revealing its mixed efficacy across different studies.