ใบโหระพา (Bai Horapha)

The page provides comprehensive information about Vitamin A, detailing its role in cell and tissue growth, vision, bone metabolism, and immune function. It distinguishes between two types: preformed (retinols and retinoic acids) and provitamin A (like beta-carotene). Key points include: 1. **Benefits**: Associated with improved vision, skin health, and potential impacts on infant health and immunity. 2. **Dosage**: Outlines recommended daily intake which varies by age and gender, with caution against excessive intake due to toxicity risks. 3. **Safety and Side Effects**: Generally well tolerated, but possible side effects include nausea and skin irritation. High doses can lead to serious health issues, especially in pregnant women. 4. **Efficacy**: Discusses outcomes related to conditions such as infant health, skin health, and pneumonia, with varying evidence grades. 5. **Interactions and Precautions**: Highlights interactions with certain medications and advisories for specific populations, especially those with liver conditions. The page emphasizes evidence-based practices and offers resources for further research on Vitamin A's applications and safety.

Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for blood coagulation, bone metabolism, and vascular health. It includes Vitamin K1 (found in leafy greens and soy) and Vitamin K2 (found in meat and fermented foods, synthesized by intestinal bacteria). Supplementation may enhance bone health markers and is typically provided to newborns to prevent deficiency bleeding. Dosage recommendations vary, with effective ranges being 0.1–5 mg/day of K1 and 15–375 μg/day of K2. It is crucial to take vitamin K with food for optimal absorption and to consider its interactions with certain medications, especially anticoagulants. Natural sources of Vitamin K include spinach, broccoli, and kale.